Background

With an aging global population, the demand for secure, accessible, and supportive living environments for older persons is growing significantly. In numerous low- and middle-income countries, including Namibia, older adults are cared for in a combination of formal institutions and informal community-based settings, often with insufficient regulatory oversight. Understanding the differences in care environments is essential for informing policies that enhance dignity, safety, and quality of life in later years.

Objectives

This study critically assessed residential living conditions in institutional and community homes for older persons.

Methods

A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among individuals aged 60 years and older, with 304 older adults participating, and 22 elder care facilities were assessed. A mixed-methods approach was used for data collection. Quantitative data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 30, with a significance level set at p < 0.05. Qualitative data were analysed thematically.

Results

There is a statistically significant association between the type of facility and monthly payment category (p < 0.001). Private old-age homes charged higher monthly fees than public old-age homes. Private old age homes had higher staffing levels, more comprehensive health supports (first aid, social & healthcare), and better age-friendly environments, such as bathrooms with grab bars; they further have emergency preparedness in place (up-to-date fire extinguishers and fire alarms compared to public old age homes and community homes (p<0.005). In terms of the needed improvements, community homes showed the most need, including inside bathrooms and toilets and basic amenities such as affordable water, electricity, and walking aids, and all public facilities need renovations.

Conclusion

The study highlights significant infrastructure, staffing, and healthcare delivery disparities among residential care settings. Community homes frequently lacked proper equipment, exhibiting insufficient emergency preparedness and inadequate health assistance, while private old age homes offered more structured care. These findings underscore the need for enhanced standards and support systems across all residential care settings to ensure the well-being of older persons.

 

Keywords: living conditions, old age home, community home, older persons, elderly

Mouyelele Haufiku is a dedicated public health professional and academic. She holds a Master of Public Health (Distinction) from the University of Dundee in the United Kingdom. She is pursuing a PhD in Health Sciences at the Namibia University of Science and Technology.

 

Mrs. Haufiku is a lecturer in preventative health sciences at the same institution where she contributes to the training and mentorship of future Environmental Health Practitioners. Her academic and research interests are centered on healthy ageing, health and safety, and improving community health outcomes. Further, she also serves as a member of the Health and Safety Committee at the same institution.