Introduction: The global ageing population in disabilities are becoming an urgent health

issue . Dementia characterized by gradual cognitive decline is increasing as public health

problem due to population ageing. The aims of this study is investigate the prevalence and determinants of cognitive decline among older adults in urban Jakarta, Indonesia.

Methods : A cross-sectional study of the subjects contribute in The Atma Jaya Cognitive and Aging Programme (ACAP) which is setting in urban of Jakarta- Indonesia, included 210 subjects > 60 years . Subjects underwent a standardized structural clinical examination and assessment including medical history, physical examination and a comprehensive cognitive assessment along with routine blood tests. Cognitive assessments were conducted using the Forward Digit Span, MMSE, Verbal Fluency (VF), Boston Naming Test (BNT), Word List Memory Immediate Recall (WLM IR) and Recognition, and Constructional Praxis. Cholesterol level was defined as: High Low Density Level (LDL) or ≥130 mg/dL, Low High Density (HDL) level or ≤40 mg/dL, and low triglyceride or < 150 mg/dL. Sarcopenia was

diagnosed according to European Working Group on sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP)

consensus. It was proposed that sarcopenia is diagnosed by the following criteria, i.e. muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance. To determine the associated factors using Chi Square test and Multivariate Logistic Regression analyses.

Results: This study population was dominated by female (68.1%), with mean age of 68.2 ±7.4 years, had under taken formal education for ≥9 years (61.9%). The percentages of subjects with cognitive decline were 29% . After adjusting for confounding factors, education was related to cognitive decline (OR=7.9(95% CI:3.8-16.4). Similarly Cholesterol (HDL) (OR=6.8 (95% CI:1.1-42.2) and sarcopenia (OR=2.5 (95% CI:1.03-6.02). Furthermore triglyceride (OR=0.37 (95% CI:0.14-0.97) related to cognitive decline.

Conclusion: The percentage of subjects with cognitive decline was high and showing that education as the biggest risk factor for cognitive decline and it was followed by cholesterol- HDL and sarcopenia also as risk factors for cognitive decline. Furthermore subjects with low triglycerides as a protective factor for cognitive decline, therefore intervention to improve cognitive function in older adults need to be done especially in Institutional care and Home care and next it was suggested for prospective study

Keywords: Cognitive , ACAP, older adults, urban Jakarta, Indonesia.